Sunflower - Helianthus Snack

Helianthus annuus - Helianthus Snack

Originates from North America. Sunflower is an annual plant that grows up to 4 metres tall and has only one large flower. There are also varieties as low as 30 cm with several stems and flowers. The flower heads reach a diameter between 10 and 40 cm. These varieties have more refined flowers, with both simple and double-flowered cultivars available. It blooms from July until autumn.

Sunflowers turn their flower heads during the day to follow the sun. This phenomenon is called heliotropism. Seeds contain around 45% vegetable oil, proteins, glycerides, sterols and other elements. Sunflower oil is produced from them, which contains mainly linoleic and oleic acid. The seeds are edible. They are added to bread, pastries, salads, but can also be consumed on their own.

How to Grow Sunflowers

• Sunflowers require a sunny, warm location that is protected from wind. It should face south or southwest. They require constantly moist soil that should never dry out. Otherwise the plant may not recover and would die. Plants don't root deeply, so it's better to provide support for the stem to prevent breaking. Once the seeds start to ripen in the faded flower heads, cut off the entire flower to prolong the blooming period.

• Sow seeds at the end of April to the beginning of May directly into the soil at a depth of about 2.5 cm with a spacing of about 20 cm. Seedlings can also be pre-grown at home in seed trays and transplanted to beds as young plants.

• Well-drained sandy loam soil that is well supplied with nutrients is suitable.

• Apply complete NPK fertiliser once every 14 days. For example, you can use Kristalon or Cererit.

• Very humid conditions result in stem blackening. Waterlogging and insufficient support can cause uprooting or stem breakage. Aphids are the most common pests on plants. Immediately treat affected plants with Decis.