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Murraya resembling citrus plants from the Rutaceae family.
Murraya (lat. Murraya paniculata) is classified in the Rutaceae family (lat. rutaceae).
Its homeland is Asia, but it later spread to Australia, China and southwest Oceania. It is a perennial and evergreen shrub.
Murraya is a low-growing woody plant with a height of about 4m, but it only reaches this height in nature. In pots, it reaches a height of 30 to 50cm. It has densely growing, glossy leaves about 15cm long.
It consists of small petals that are located at the end of branches or in the leaf axils.
Murraya has many species, with Murraya exotica and Murraya koenigii being among the best known.
It flowers in spring and summer when fruit growth begins.
The fruits measure 5cm, are round and oblong, and always turn red when ripe. These fruits are edible and are said to taste like pickled olives.
If you provide Murraya with suitable conditions, it can bloom and bear fruit several times a year, just like in nature. Murraya is often referred to as orange jasmine.
Cultivation
In our conditions, murraya thrives better in greenhouses, but it can of course also be grown at home or indoors by windows.
It likes plenty of light and sun, but don't place it in direct sunlight. An excellent location would be on a south or east-facing window.
It should be placed in an airy, bright and warm room. The substrate should be slightly acidic, permeable and nutritious.
You can also use substrate for citrus plants. Be careful that the substrate doesn't contain lime! Water it regularly. The best water for watering is rainwater or at least boiled water.
In summer, it needs generous watering and fertilizing at least once a month with liquid fertilizer for indoor plants.
You can freely move the murraya outside to the balcony or garden in summer, but don't place it in direct sunlight. The temperature should be around 20°C to 30°C, and in winter 15°C to 20°C.
During the winter period, it should be moved to a cooler room,
It's best to wire thin, young branches, as older ones might break.
where it must have plenty of air and light. Also reduce watering to a minimum and stop fertilizing completely. The main water intake will be from misting the leaves; if you have a humidifier, place it near the plant.
The plant is not frost-resistant, so don't wait and move it indoors even before the frosts arrive.
When murraya is still a young plant, repot it annually. If the plant is 4 to 5 years old, repot it every 2 years. Murraya can be shaped in various ways like bonsai.
You can prune and shape it variously, just be careful with the flower buds so you don't cut them off. You can shape it anytime.
Propagation
Murraya can be propagated either from seeds or from cuttings. However, propagation from seeds is relatively easier, as murraya has quite poor rooting ability.
They need propagation spaces with temperatures around 30°C and high humidity. Special rooting stimulators are used for this purpose. In this regard, it's quite possible that a large portion will die. Sowing seeds is a better choice.
Sow seeds in specially mixed substrate for citrus plants. Place the seeds on the surface of the substrate and press gently. The ideal temperature for sowing is around 25°C.
Place them in a sunny location, but again avoid direct sun to prevent burning the shoots. Plants will flower during the second year from planting. Spray plants with a preparation against sucking insects.
Uses
In Asia, murraya is used instead of bay leaf.
Murraya has a characteristic, intense taste and aroma. Its leaves contain many significant compounds, especially antidiabetics and antioxidants. It acts antimicrobially, has calming effects and reduces blood cholesterol.
When crushed, the leaves have an intense taste and aroma, which is why it's used in aromatherapy. The fragrant bark is added to perfumes. Dried fruits are part of Indian curry.